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Termites can be major agricultural pests, especially in East Africa and North Asia, in which crop losses can be acute (3100 percent in harvest loss in Africa).216 Counterbalancing this is the considerably improved water infiltration where termite tunnels in the dirt allow rainwater to soak in deeply, which helps decrease runoff and consequent soil erosion through bioturbation.217 In South America, cultivated plants like lavender, upland rice and sugarcane can be seriously damaged by termite infestations, with attacks on leaves, roots and woody tissue.
The termite gut has inspired many research efforts aimed at replacing fossil fuels with cleaner, renewable energy sources.219 Termites are efficient bioreactors, capable of producing 2 litres of hydrogen from a single sheet of paper.220 Roughly 200 species of microbes live inside the termite hindgut, releasing the hydrogen that has been trapped inside wood and plants that they digest.219221 Through the action of unidentified enzymes in the termite gut, lignocellulose polymers are broken down into sugars and are transformed into hydrogen.
The development of autonomous robots capable of constructing intricate constructions without human assistance has been inspired by the complex mounds that termites build.222 These robots operate independently and can move by themselves on a monitored grid, capable of climbing and lifting up bricks. Such robots could possibly be handy for future projects on Mars, or for building levees to prevent flooding.223.
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Termites use complex means to control the temperatures of their mounds. As discussed above, the shape and orientation of the mounds of the Australian compass termite stabilises their internal temperatures during the day. As the towers heat up, the solar chimney impact (stack effect) generates an updraft of air within the mound.224 Wind blowing across the tops of the towers enhances the circulation of air through the mounds, which also include side vents in their construction.
Especially in Africa, the pile effect has become a popular means to achieve her comment is here natural ventilation and passive cooling in modern buildings.224.
The Eastgate Centre is a shopping centre and office block in central Harare, Zimbabwe, whose architect, Mick Pearce, utilized passive cooling inspired by that used by the regional termites.226 It was the first significant building exploiting termite-inspired cooling techniques to attract international attention. Other such buildings include the Learning Resource Center at the Catholic University of Eastern Africa and the Council House 2 building in Melbourne, Australia.224.
Few zoos hold termites, on account of the difficulty in keeping them captive and into the reluctance of authorities to allow potential pests. One of the few who do, the Zoo Basel in Switzerland, has two thriving Macrotermes bellicosus populations resulting in an event very rare in captivity: the mass migrations of young flying termites.
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African tribes in many countries have termites as totems, and for this reason tribe members are forbidden to eat the reproductive alates.228 Termites are widely used in traditional popular medicine; they act as treatments for diseases and other conditions like asthma, bronchitis, hoarseness, influenza, sinusitis, tonsillitis and whooping cough.208 In Nigeria, Macrotermes nigeriensis can be utilized for spiritual protection and to cure wounds and sick pregnant women.
It is unknown whether the termite was male or female. When it was a female, then the entire body length would be much greater than 25 millimetres when mature.
a b Cranshaw, W. (2013). "11". Bugs Rule! : An Introduction to the World of Insects. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. p. 188. ISBN 978-0-691-12495-7.
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Lobeck, A. Kohl (1939). Geomorphology; an Introduction to the Study of Landscapes (1st ed.) . University of California: McGraw Hill Book Company, Incorporated. pp. 431432. ASIN B002P5O9SC.
Cleveland, L.R.; Hall, S.K.; Sanders, E.P.; Collier, J. (1934). "The Wood-Feeding Roach Cryptocercus, its own protozoa, and the symbiosis between protozoa and roach". Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 17 (2): 185382. doi:10.1093/aesa/28.2.216.
